11. Yemelyan Pugachev, Cossack and leader of the revolt against Catherine II of Russia, is executed in Zimoveyskaya, Russia, 1726.
11. Born in Jaén, Spain, Francisco de Viedma, 1737. Explorer of the coasts of Argentine Patagonia, he was first to report on the fertility of the lands of the Black river. Between 1785 and 1809 he was the Governor of the Province of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, in the Upper Peru (today the Republic of Bolivia). He died in office in the city of Cochabamba on June 28, 1809.
11. Dutch surrender Trincomalee in Ceylon to the British, 1782.
11. Greek Corfu occupied by French troops, 1916.
11. Dutch East Indies invaded by Japanese, 1942.
12. Hernando de Magallanes arrives to the Plata river, 1520. Searching for a pass towards the East Indies, because of its extension, his expedition at first though it was a fresh water sea. Then, realizing it was a large river, he first named it Solis river, as a tribute to its discoverer, Juan Díaz de Solís.
12. Hermann Goering, Nazi leader and creator of the Luftwaffe, is born in Germany, 1893.
12. Opening of Paris Peace Conference, 1919.
13. First issue of The Southern Cross, 1875. This English language weekly is to this day the publication of the Irish community in Argentina.
13. Battle of Hanna, Mesopotamia (to 21-1), 1916.
14. Battle of Rivoli, 1797. At the starting of this year, the French Army of Italy and his leader, the then 28 years old General Napoleon Bonaparte faced two serious problems. First, the Austrians, recovering from its defeat at the hands of Bonaparte at Arcola, at the end of the previous year, were raising another army to drive the French from Italy. Second, Pope Pius VI had broken his armistice with France and was mustering his Papal army against it in alliance with the Austrians. In five days fighting (14 to 19-01) Bonaparte had reduced Austrian forces from 48.000 fighting men to 13.000 fugitives, but now the Austrian Arch-duke Charles began assembling 50.000 troops in the Frioul and the Tyrol. Without waiting for reinforcements Bonaparte planned an advance on Vienna. After this victory the French firmly hold the North of Italy in their hands.
14. The Argentine Army crosses into the Brazilian province of Río Grande, 1827.
14. Peru declares war on Spain, 1866.
14. Winston Churchill appointed Secretary of State for Air, 1919.
14. Casablanca Conference, 1943.
14. Russians break the encirclement of Leningrad, 1943.
15. Birth of Carlos G. Burmeister, 1807, in Stralsund, Prussia. In 1852 he arrived to Brazil and four years later to Argentina, where he lived until his death in 1892. A naturalist, physician and scientific writer, he directed the "Bernardino Rivadavia" National Natural Sciences Museum and founded the Paleontology Society. He explored Patagonia and the territories of the Jesuit Missions in the Argentine north-east, setting up several meteorological stations in the Littoral.
15. The Confederate cruiser Florida leaves Mobile to begin raids on Union shipping, 1863.
15. Scheer takes command of German High Seas Fleet, 1916.
15. Japanese forced off Guadalcanal by US troops, 1943.
15. Allies advance on Tripoli, 1943.
15. President Richard Nixon halts US offensives in Vietnam, 1973.
16. Battle of San Lorenzo, 1846. In front of this locality in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentine forces commanded by General Lucio N. Mansilla attacked the Anglo-French squad that was sailing upstream the Parana river, after forcing the Obligado pass, 1846.
16. Appointment of General Dwight Eisenhower as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force, 1944.
16. Allied counter-attack in the Ardennes, 1945.
17. Hawley defeated by Scottish at Falkirk, 1746.
17. The Governor of Buenos Aires –at the time part of the Peru Viceroyship - Juan J. de Vértiz y Salcedo, declares concluded on the field a successful punitive campaign against the Portuguese usurpers that had taken over border areas of the Eastern Bank (today the Republic of Uruguay), 1775.
17. Appointemnt of the Duke of Wellington as Commander in Chief of the British Army, 1827.
17. Battle of Abu Klea, 1885. The Desert Column, a British force led by General Steward and sent to save Maj.Gen. Charles Gordon at Khartoum is attacked by more than 12.000 Sudanese warriors embarked upon a jihad or holy war. The Mahdists attacked the British formed in square, and after a brutal fight they were defeated. In spite of this victory, Khar-toum fell and ceased the purpose of this relief expedition.
17. Fall of Warsow to the Soviet Army, 1945.
17. Following an air-collision, a Boeing B-52 bomber of the SAC dumped four Mark 28 H bombs along the Mediterranean coast of Palomares, Spain, 1966.
18. Beginning of the crossing of the Andes, 1817. The Army of the Andes, commanded by General José de San Martín, begins the crossing of the mountain range.
18. Proclamation of the German Empire at the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, after Prussia and allied German states defeated France, 1871.
18. General Charles G. Gordon leaves London for Khartoum, 1884.
18. Beginning of Versailles Peace Conference, 1919.
18. Soviet counter-attack in the Ukraine, 1942.
19. General Robert E. Lee, Confederate Commander in Chief during the American Civil War, is born at Stratford House, Virginia, 1807.
19. Battle of Paraguarí, 1811. General Manuel Belgrano is defeated by the Paraguayan Army, suffering a serious set-back that forced him to retreat to his previous position. The Argentines fought against an enemy that outnumbered them seven to one.
19. The Duke of Wellington captures Ciudad Rodrigo, Spain, 1812.
19. Death in Buenos Aires of Doctor Miguel O'Gorman, 1820. Born in Ireland at the mid 18th Century, he studied Medicine in France. He arrived to Buenos Aires in 1777, as an army doctor in Pedro de Cevallos expedition and according to a Royal Warrant, was charged with reorganizing the medical services. Among many other contributions, he drafted the instructions for the inoculation with vaccines, in 1805. He is considered one of the founders of the School of Medicine in Argentina.
19. Death in Buenos Aires of Lieutenant General Bartolomé Mitre, 1906. Military man, poet, journalist, politician and historian, he was an example of civic virtues and moral integrity. President of Argentina from 1862 to 1868, he interrupted his government work to command, as General in Chief, the armies of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay allied against Paraguay. He was one of the key protagonists of the definitive organization of the Republic of Argentina. He had been born 1821.
19. Soviet troops recapture Novgorod, 1944.
20. Argentine naturalist and explorer Doctor Francisco P. Moreno, accompanied only by his assistant, reaches Lake Nahuel-Huapi, raising the Argentine flag there for the first time, 1876.
20. End of Paris Peace Conference, 1920.
<< previous | next >>
|
