11. Died of János Hunyadi, military leader of the Hungarians, 1456. Probably born in 1387,
was the commander of the defense of Belgrade against the Turks at the siege of the city.
11. Beginning of the fight in the city of Buenos Aires, 1806. The infantry that had been brought from the East Bank by Navy Captain Santiago de Liniers y Bremond, with the support of the cavalry sent by Commander Juan M. de Pueyrredón, attacked the British forces that occupied the city.
11. Blockade of communications and trade with Paraguay and Montevideo, 1810. Since neither Paraguay nor the city of Montevideo had recognized the authority of the Provisional Government Junta created on May 25 that year, the order was to close the ports and all communications with the northern province and the eastern city.
11. Chiang Kai Shek and supporters enter Canton, 1936.
11. Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt sign Atlantic Charter, 1941.
12. Crusaders win at the Battle of Ascalon, 1099.
12. Surrender of the British forces that had conquered the city of Buenos Aires, 1806. Commemorated as Day of the Reconquest.
12. The frigate USS Constitution defeat and sink HMS Guerriere, 1812.
12. Austria declares war on Napoleon, 1813.
12. Battle to conquer the fortress of Peribebuy in the War of Paraguay, 1869. Argentine forces commanded by General Luis M. Campos began the attack, and conquered the fortress together with Brazilian troops. This action is commemorated in the march Capibary , published by Tradition in
12. Britain declares war on Austria-Hungary, 1914.
12. Serbia invaded by Austro-Hungarian troops (to 25-08), 1914.
12. Philip Holland, inventor of the modern submarine, dies, 1914.
13. Victory for Octavian after his successes in Egypt (until 15-08), Rome, 29 bC.
13. Arrival in Buenos Aires of a commissioner of Emperor Napoleon, 1808. Monsieur Santsenay arrived with proposals to have the authority of Joseph Bonaparte recognized as king of Spain. Received by acting viceroy Santiago de Liniers y Bremond in a secret session at the Cabildo , he was told to remove to Montevideo without having achieved his purpose.
13. American forces capture Manila, 1898.
13. Palacio San Jose was declared a National Monument and Museum, 1936. It was built and inhabited by General Justo J. de Urquiza. It saw the planning of the military actions that culminated with the Battle of Caseros in 1852, putting an end to the dictatorship of Rosas. Its construction began in 1848. It was one of the first houses in the country to have a piped water system.
14. Chronicler John Lane, on board a ship of the British squad arrived to the Malvinas (Falkland) Islands, 1592. “... after attempting in vain to enter the Strait of Magellan, that day they were thrown among certain islands never before revealed in any known report, located more than fifty leagues away from the shore, east and north from the straits.”
14. Arrival in Buenos Aires of French priest and scientist Louis Feuillé, 1708. As a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences, he had been commissioned to take astronomical measurements. In spite of a certain resistance on the part of the Spanish Governor, he got his data that were later published in Paris.
14. After the First British Invasion, the people of Buenos Aires refused to receive Marquis Rafael de Sobre Monte back as viceroy, 1806. In view of the civil rebellion, Santiago de Liniers was appointed military governor of Buenos Aires, while the Cabildo and the Audiencia remained in charge of the civil administration. Upon his notification, Sobre Monte, retired to Montevideo to prepare the defense of the city before the imminent Second Invasion.
14. General Carlos Mr. Alvear was appointed Commander in Chief of the Operations Army against the Empire of Brazil, 1826.
14. Inaugural trip of the Southern Railway, 1865. First departure of a train from the Constitucion Station.
14. Allied attack to Ezcurra, War of Paraguay, 1869. Argentine and Brazilian troops storm and take the fortified Paraguayan trenches. An Argentine division, led by Colonel Luis M. Campos was the first to occupy the position.
14. International forces lift siege of legations in Peking, 1900.
14. Death of Adolfo P. Carranza, 1914. Jurist and publicist, he founded the National History Museum. He had been born in Buenos Aires, August 7, 1857.
14. French troops invade Lorraine, 1914.
14. Second World War ends with oficial Japanese acceptance of unconditional surrending, 1945.
14. Soviet troops advance to occupy Manchurian territory, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands, 1945.
15. Napoleon Bonaparte, French Emperor, is born in Ajaccio, Corsica, 1769.
15. Combats against wild indians, 1876. Sixty soldiers of the 2nd Cavalry and the 7th Battalion, commanded by Captain Exequiel Delmozo and Lieutenant Manuel Palacio, fought during two hours against a column of 360 indians, killing and wounding a large part of them. Besides taking lances and firearms, they captured 400 horses and mares. On the same day, 60 soldiers of the 2 nd Cavalry, commanded by Major Roque Peyteado defeated another group of indians, while Major Barrionuevo, of the same Regiment, with four men, battled against fifteen indians, killing several and capturing 9 horses that had been stolen with their saddles.
15. Thomas E. Lawrence, “Lawrence of Arabia”, soldier and autor of The Seven Pillars of Wisdom, is born in Tremadoc, Wales, 1888.
15. Allies land in southern France and launch operation Anvil-Dragoon, 1944.
16. Turks defeated by Prince Eugene at Belgrade, 1717.
16. The Continental Army defeats the British at Bennington, 1777.
16. Petition of two English traders to “trade freely”, 1809. They applied to the viceroy, Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros. He consulted with the Trade Court and the Cabildo of Buenos Aires, who advised on a positive answer. The representative of Cadiz merchants in Buenos Aires appeared before the viceroy advocating a refusal, to maintain the trade monopoly. Then, lawyer Mariano Moreno wrote an lengthy report defending the land owners and the advantages of free trade. On November 6, a special consultative board advised the viceroy in favor of free trade.
16. Brig. Gen. William Hull surrender Detroit to British forces led by Maj. Gen. Isaac Brock helped by Indian warriors under chief Tecumseh, being the only capitulation of a city in the US to a foreign invader, 1812.
17. French and Scots defeated by the English at Verneuil, 1424.
17. Frederick (II) The Great, King of Prusia, dies in Potsdam, Germany, 1786.
17. Birth in Buenos Aires of Juan P. Esnaola, 1808. He became familiar with music since childhood, thanks to the influence of his uncle, priest José A. Picasarri. In 1818 he traveled to Europe to advance his musical studies. At his return, he established the first conservatory that existed in the Republic. His version of the Argentine National Anthem, published in 1860, was finally adopted as the official one after many intense debates. He died June 8, 1878.
17. Arrival in Kealakekua, then the capital of the Hawaii Islands, of the frigate La Argentina, 1818. Commanded by Captain Hipolite Bouchard, it had left Buenos Aires in a corsair trip against Spanish trade in the Pacific Ocean.
17. Death in France of General Jose de San Martin, 1850. Builder of free nations, he was militarily brilliant and a selfless man of honor. He had been born in Yapeyu, one of the settlements of the old Jesuit missions, on the Uruguay River, in what is currently the Province of Corrientes, on February 25, 1778.
17. Battle of Yatay, War of Paraguay, 1865. The allied army formed by Argentine, Uruguayan and Brazilian forces, commanded by General Venancio Flores, defeated the Paraguayan forces in the fields of Yatay, Province of Corrientes. The battle was fierce and harshly fought, and ended with major losses for the Paraguayans.
17. The provisional government of Paraguay declared former President of the Republic, General Francisco Solano Lopez, “murderer of his fatherland,” 1869.
17. Western navies begin blockade of Iraq, Gulf War, 1990.
18. Genghis Khan, Mongol Emperor, dies, 1227.
18. Ultimatum of the Spanish fleet to Buenos Aires, 1811. A squadron led by Juan A. de Michelena gave a second ultimatum to Buenos Aires, which was rejected by the First Government Junta, while a patriot squad commanded by Captain Tomas Taylor set sail to confront the royalists, who retreated after firing a few artillery shots. Historian Angel J. Carranza said in this regard: “The Spanish sailors in the Plata were not, by any means, those who brought so much honor to the arms of Castille in the glorious disaster of Trafalgar”.
18. Victory for Napoleon over the Russians at Smolensk, 1812.
18. Signing of a Union, Peace and Trade Treaty between the United Provinces of the Plata River and Hawaii, 1818. Hipolite Bouchard, Captain of the frigate La Argentina and the king of Hawaii, Kamchameha I, signed a treaty that entailed the first recognition of Argentine independence by what was then an independent country.
18. Creation of the Peruvian Legion of the Guard, 1821. General José de San Martin created this corps, and appointed at its head Marquis de Torre Tagle, Colonel Guillermo Miller was made chief of the Guards Battalion and Major Eugenio Necochea chief of the Escort Hussars Squad.
18. Death by a firing squad of Camila O'Gorman, aged 20 and Uladislao Gutierrez, aged 24, 1848. One of the barbaric crimes of the government of Juan M. Rosas. They had made a secret of their love given the circumstances. She belonged to the country's upper social sphere and the other victim had left the priesthood. It has been held that Camila was given a drink of holy water before her execution to baptize the child she was carrying. In a letter that the deposed dictator wrote to his relative Federico Terrero on March 6, 1870, from Southampton, England, he said: “... since the responsibility was mine, I ordered the execution”.
18. Prussians defeat France at Gravelotte, 1870.
19. British, French and US forces support Canadian raid on Dieppe, France, 1942.
20. Birth in Chillán, Chile, of Captain General Bernardo O'Higgins, 1778. After studying in his country, he traveled to Europe, where he met Francisco de Miranda, an advocate of American independence. Having returned to Chile in 1802, he held various positions in the colonial administration and began to conspire to achieve freedom from the metropolis. After the battle of Rancagua, he traveled to Mendoza where he cooperated with General Jose de San Martin in the organization of the Army of the Andes. He is one of the maximum heroes of Chile; on January 1, 1818 he declared the independence of his fatherland. He died in Lima, Peru, October 24, 1842.
20. Battle of Tapalqué, 1839. Some 1,200 wild indians attacked the forces of Colonel Nicolas Granada, who reacted forcefully and not only managed to defeat them but also set them fleeting from the current site of the town of Tapalqué, about 270 Km. from Buenos Aires. That year the district was created around fort Esperanza. Later, another indian attack destroyed it, and it was rebuilt on a different site, pursuant to a decree of March 2, 1855.
20. Leon Trotsky, leader of the Bolshevik revolution is murdered by order of Joseph Stalin, Mexico City, 1940.
20. Violence in Prague as Soviet forces invade Czechoslovakia, 1968.
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